Marketing products globally is challenging due to the diverse nature of markets. We use market heterogeneity, unbranded competition, resource and infrastructure availability, and sociopolitical governance as country-market characteristics that distinguish between developed and emerging...

The private label products market is expanding day by day, and the decisions and applications made in this market have become important for retailers, national producers, and consumers. Consumers prefer private label products from retailers that they trust and perceive of high quality. Despite...