Purpose: Celebrity endorsement is a phenomenon widely used by companies and studied by researchers. Despite the generally positive aspects of endorsement on the evaluation of products, in some cases, celebrities cannot substantially help promote products. The purpose of this paper is to analyze...

In this study, Heckler amp; Childers' (1992) two-dimensional conceptualization of incongruity is employed and related to the different schemas that consumers use in ad processing. Consumers can relate advertising to expectations about ads for the product concerned from the ad schema or to...

Using weekly data on advertising expenditures in various media and response data on awareness, consideration and choice, we test the hierarchy of effects hypothesis. Our empirical results, based on a simultaneous equations model with pooled parameters across brands, suggest that we can reject...

The mere fact that consumers are targeted by advertisements can affect their inference about the expected utility of a product. We build a micro-model where multiple firms compete through targeted advertising. Consumers make inferences from targeted advertising about their potential match values...

This research examines four specific objectives: (1) identifying factors that affect Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards smartphone advertising, (2) measuring the level of impact of the factors, (3) testing the difference of attitudes among groups of consumers with different characteristics in...

Celebrity endorsement is a common practice adopted by companies throughout the world. This practice is increasing more and more now even for the technology industry. Companies use celebrity endorsement to influence consumer purchase intention by improving their brand image in the minds of the...

Due to cluttering in advertisements, firms are unable to communicate effectively with potential customers forcing them to use the celebrity endorsement strategy. This paper aims to examine the effect of celebrity endorsement (i.e. attractiveness, credibility and product match-up), perceived...

Since time immemorial, subliminal advertisement has continued to haunt the society and especially after James Vicary's experiment at New Jersey, it reached a new height. Since then, there has been much argument about whether this can be an efficient technique of marketing communications. Decades...

We randomize advertising content motivated by the psychology literature on sympathy generation and framing effects in mailings to about 185,000 prospective new donors in India. We find significant impact on the number of donors and amounts donated consistent with sympathy biases such as the...