This study aims to scrutinize the impact of the independent variables, i.e., budget participation and leadership style, on managerial performance mediated by organizational commitment. For this reason, the quantitative research approach was utilized to examine the hypotheses, and such an...

Vertical pay dispersion is the difference in pay across different hierarchical levels within an organization (Milkovich and Newman 1996). While vertical pay dispersion may be useful in attracting, retaining and motivating highly skilled employees (Lazear and Rosen 1981; Lazear 1995; Prendergast 1999),...