This paper examines differences in what affects managerial performance of middle-level managers in four countries—China (N=204), India (N=184), the Philippines (N=220), and the United States (N=176). Important differences were predicted and found in factors affecting managerial performance as...

This study investigated which age measures, independent or interdependent, were better for cross-cultural consumer research. Specifically, it assessed the fit between the “actual” and “ideal” self-concept model within the framework of self-construal theory by examining the actual and...

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine whether the development of materialistic values in early life reflects cultural norms or is the outcome of media and family influences. It seeks to examine the role of family communication and television, which were found to promote...

Field survey studies undertaken in Nigeria, Korea, China and India explored the way inner‐age satisfaction is experienced in those culturally diverse societies. Chronologically 20 to 59 year old respondents’ inner‐age satisfaction was gauged as the average difference between feel, look,...