Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine and compare the validity of different operationalizations of cultural and institutional distance. Design/methodology/approach – First, a review of the theoretical background for Hofstede's, Schwartz's, Trompenaars's, and Global Leadership and...

Purpose – This paper aims to, by drawing on two decades of field work on Wall Street, explore the recent evolution in the gendering of Wall Street, as well as the potential effects – including the reproduction of financiers’ power – of that evolution. The 2008 financial crisis was...