Recent immigration policies have created massive uncertainty for international students to obtain F-1 visas. Yet, before the COVID-19 pandemic, student visa applicants already faced an approximately 27 percent refusal rate that varies by time and region. Using data on the universe of SAT takers...

This paper examines the effects of Asian segregation on academic performance of non-Asian students in New York City public primary schools. We use plausibly exogenous variation in the share of Asian students stemming from a fertility shock among the Asian population in the year of the Dragon,...