Firms have discretion over task allocations, which may dampen employees' career prospects, and, hence, motivation. Task assignments and worker motivation interact through the extent of labor market competition; that is, the possibility of moving to another firm. More competition enhances...

This employee performance problem is known from the existence of employees who make mistakes at work. This error causes employees to have to work again to improve the work they have done. The problem of less than optimal employee performance is possible because of the low education, training,...