The serendipitous emergence of social media at the turn of this century created new uncensored avenues for the advertising industry. This created conditions conducive to peddling controversial ads or shockvertising. Controversial ads came as a result of the need to breakthrough the advertising...

The growth of the "Internet" and the subsequent use of smartphones has led to heavy social media usage in recent years. Social media campaigns have been successful in influencing purchase intention. Ethnocentrism also affects the purchase intention (PI) of domestic products. ETH is an evolving...