This research compares three strategies that ads can use to convey which product and brand they promote, and it tests how these affect consumer evaluation and the resulting attitudes towards the ad and brand, under exposure durations that range from brief to long. Upfront ads immediately convey...

Can online display advertising help consumers to more successfully search for their preferred brands, and thus reduce the impact of competitive clutter on shopping sites? Moreover, if advertising indeed has such direct brand search benefits, which attentional mechanisms account for it? To answer...