The smart phone industry has unique supply chain relationships. Companies at all levels of the supply chain compete and coordinate with each other for market share and profit. This paper examines the impact of power structures on the decision of pricing and channel selection between a free...

In this research, a joint pricing and refund optimization problem under cooperative and non-cooperative strategies in a two-stage supply chain consists of a supplier and a manufacturer who produces two types of product; green and non-green is developed. The features of both products in usage and...

An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) produces new products and often faces a dilemma when determining the level of interchangeability in its product design. The interchangeability is considered as a degree to which the product can be disassembled without force, and thus an increasing degree...