Managers increasingly use social media for marketing research, particularly to monitor what consumers think about brands. Although social media monitoring can provide rich insights into consumer attitudes, marketers typically use it in a backward-looking manner — that is, to measure past...

Marketing has been revolutionized due to the rise of digital media and new forms of electronic communication. In response, academic researchers have attempted to explain consumer- and firm-related phenomena related to digital, social media, and mobile marketing (DSMM). This paper presents a...

Marketers distinguish between three types of media: paid (e.g., advertising), owned (e.g., company website), and earned (e.g., publicity). The effects of paid media on sales have been extensively covered in the marketing literature. The effects of earned media, however, have received limited...

The popularity of social media has led to many brands using platforms such as Facebook for marketing communications, typically whereby brands post content (text, images, and/or videos) on their social media pages for their consumer “fans” to see and, hopefully, engage with. Despite the...