We implement a new approach for estimating the persuasive effects of political advertising. Our empirical strategy … patterns during the 2004 and 2008 presidential campaigns, our results indicate that total political advertising has virtually … contrast, we find a positive and economically meaningful effect of advertising on candidates’ vote shares. Evidence from a …

advertising. The paper simulates the strategic interaction of the two firms based on a game-theoretic Cournot analytical model …. The results show that there exist threshold levels of advertising effectiveness at which duopoly behaviour bifurcates …, that perfectly cooperative advertising can lead to competitive disadvantage, and that perfectly predatory advertising can …