national evaluations three years later, male students make less progress than their female counterparts. Gender-biased grading … gender bias in math are more likely to select a science track in high school. …

We study if Italian teachers do apply gender discrimination when judging students. To this aim, we use a difference … control for class fixed effects, students noncognitive skills, gender specific-attitude towards cheating and possible cultural … differences towards gender attitudes in math or language. …